A new Brazilian species of the genus Philothalpus Kraatz (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae).

A new species of the genus Philothalpus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylinini: Philothalpina), Philothalpus precious Klemann-Junior, Barroso, Pereira & Asenjo, sp. nov., is described from Amazonas state, northern Brazil. Major diagnostic features are illustrated and the species is included in the key to Philothalpus species.

Mapeamento das ações do enfermeiro de prática avançada em uma instituição de ensino superior / Mapping the actions of advanced practice nurses in a higher education institution

Mapear as ações do Enfermeiro de Prática Avançada nos campos de ensino clínico e estágio curricular supervisionado de um curso de graduação em enfermagem. Métodos: estudo transversal, descritivo, incluindo 21 enfermeiros. A coleta de dados deu-se por questionário sócio-profissiográfico, alinhado às competências do Conselho Internacional de Enfermeiros no tocante à Prática Avançada de Enfermagem. Resultados: Os enfermeiros demonstraram médio conhecimento em Prática Avançada de Enfermagem, e ações de prática avançada mapeadas como prescrição de agentes terapêuticos para lesões, procedimento de catéter central de inserção periférica, solicitação de exames de imagem e swab peri-anal, pareceres em lesão, manejo e consulta de enfermagem no pré-parto, assistência no parto. Competências no domínio do cuidado e no domínio da gestão/educação foram evidenciadas. Conclusão: evidenciou-se potenciais de ação de Prática Avançada na Instituição de Ensino.(AU)

To map the actions of Advanced Practice Nurses in the clinical teaching and supervised curricular internship fields of an undergraduate nursing course. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study including 21 nurses. Data was collected using a socio-professional questionnaire, aligned with the International Council of Nurses' competencies regarding Advanced Nursing Practice. Results: The nurses demonstrated medium knowledge of Advanced Nursing Practice, and mapped advanced practice actions such as prescribing therapeutic agents for injuries, peripherally inserted central catheter procedures, requesting imaging tests and peri-anal swabs, injury opinions, management and nursing consultation in the prepartum period, and assistance in childbirth. Skills in the care domain and the management/education domain were highlighted. Conclusion: There was potential for action in Advanced Practice at the Teaching Institution.(AU)

Mapear las acciones de las Enfermeras de Práctica Avanzada en los campos de la enseñanza clínica y de las prácticas curriculares supervisadas de un curso de enfermería de pregrado. Métodos: Se trató de un estudio transversal, descriptivo, en el que participaron 21 enfermeras. Los datos fueron recogidos a través de un cuestionario socio-profesional, alineado con las competencias del Consejo Internacional de Enfermería en relación a la Práctica Avanzada de Enfermería. Resultados: Las enfermeras demostraron conocimiento medio de la Práctica Avanzada de Enfermería, y mapearon acciones de práctica avanzada como prescripción de agentes terapéuticos para lesiones, procedimientos de catéter central de inserción periférica, solicitud de pruebas de imagen e hisopos perianales, emisión de dictámenes sobre lesiones, manejo y consulta de enfermería en el período preparto, asistencia al parto. Se destacaron las competencias en el ámbito de los cuidados y en el de la gestión/educación. Conclusión: Hubo potencial de actuación en la Práctica Avanzada en la Institución de Enseñanza.(AU)

The use of a biopsychosocial model in the treatment of patients with chronic.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the available knowledge on the application of biopsychosocial model (BPS) in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). METHODS: A scoping review, including 32 papers that used a BPS to manage adult patients with CLBP, published in any language. Six different databases were searched. RESULTS: According to the description of the protocols, most of them use BPS for assessment of the patients. In this first stage the most often evaluated were pain and disability, kinesiophobia and quality of life, and work-related factors. The intervention most used associate psychological and physical domains using pain education or cognitive functional therapy and active exercise. Even though was not the most common, in the social domain occupational, behavioral and family interventions were observed. CONCLUSION: BPS is more often used as combination of physical and psychological aspects, being the social domain restricted to work-related factors. Patien'ts perception of their health status is little explored, and it is suggested that the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health be used. PRACTICE IMPLICATION: Patient perception as well as social factors in addition to occupational ones should be included in the clinical approach of the patient with CLBP and should be further explored in research.

A quality improvement project to optimize access to psychosocial care for cancer survivors who experience fear of recurrence.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of moderate to high levels of fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) in cancer survivors may vary from 22% to 87%, although most are not usually referred to psychosocial support. The After Cancer Treatment Transition (ACTT) clinic in Women's College Hospital (Toronto) provides follow-up care to cancer survivors but in a sample of 2893 patients seen April 2019 to March 2022, only 1.5% were referred to a social worker for psychosocial needs. A single-question screening tool is currently available to screen for FCR. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of the single-question screening tool for FCR among cancer survivors and its impact on social work referrals. RESULTS: Between July and October 2022, 788 patients were seen in the ACTT clinic. Generally, most patients in ACTT are breast cancer survivors (75%), and the remaining survivors are a mix of other cancer types (colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, thyroid cancer, melanoma). Three hundred thirty (41.9%) ACTT patients completed the single-question screening tool for FCR. Most screened patients were female (96%), the average age was 60 years, and most were diagnosed with breast cancer (90%). Among screened patients, 37 (11%) indicated a moderately severe to high level of FCR and efforts were made to refer these 37 patients to a social worker. In the end, 22 (59.5%) patients with moderately severe/high levels of FCR were offered and accepted referral to a social worker. In comparison to the 1.5% referred to social work (among 2893 patients) prior to FCR screening, referrals increased to 6.7% (among 330 screened). CONCLUSION: Use of a single-question FCR screening tool improved identifying cancer survivors in need of psychosocial support and improved access to a social worker.

A multi-site pilot randomized clinical trial of the Treatment and Education Approach for Childhood-onset Lupus (TEACH) program: study design and COVID-19 adaptations.

BACKGROUND: Childhood-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (cSLE) is an autoimmune disease associated with fatigue, mood symptoms, and pain. Fortunately, these symptoms are potentially modifiable with psychological intervention such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). The Treatment and Education Approach for Childhood-onset Lupus (TEACH) program is a CBT intervention developed to target these symptoms for adolescents and young adults with cSLE. This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to determine the feasibility and effect of TEACH for youth with cSLE. Adjustments to the study protocol following the COVID-19 pandemic are also described. METHODS: This two-arm multisite RCT will explore the feasibility (primary outcome) and effect (secondary outcome) of a remotely delivered TEACH protocol. Participants will be randomized to a six-week remotely delivered TEACH program plus medical treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. We will include patients ages 12-22 years presenting to rheumatology clinics from six sites. Validated measures of fatigue, depressive symptoms, and pain will be obtained at baseline and approximately eight and 20 weeks later. Protocol adjustments were also made due to the COVID-19 pandemic, in collaboration with the investigative team, which included patients and caregivers. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this multi-site RCT aim to document the feasibility of TEACH and provide an estimate of effect of a remotely delivered TEACH protocol on fatigue, depression, and pain symptoms in youth with cSLE as compared to standard medical treatment alone. This findings may positively impact clinical care for patients with cSLE. CLINICAL TRIALS: gov registration: NCT04335643.

Uso de linguagem padronizada na atenção primária: contribuições para as práticas avançadas de enfermagem / Primary care's standardized language use: contributions to advanced nursing practices / Uso del lenguaje estandarizado en atención primaria: contribuciones a las prácticas avanzadas en enfermería

Objetivo: identificar as características profissionais e de formação dos enfermeiros da atenção primária e a operacionalização da consulta de enfermagem como contribuição para as Práticas Avançadas de Enfermagem. Método: estudo transversal e descritivo, incluindo 10 enfermeiros da Atenção Primária no sul de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados entre fevereiro e março/2022, após aprovação do Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa sob CAAE 53210021.6.0000.5099 e Parecer nº5.136.913. Resultados: 90% eram mulheres, com 17,33 anos de formação, especialistas (80%), sendo 70% em Saúde da Família; 70% atuavam somente na atenção primária; 100% compreendiam sobre as Práticas Avançadas de Enfermagem e consideravam um nível de compreensão alto (60%). 100% realizavam a consulta de enfermagem, 70% utilizavam a Classificação Internacional de Atenção Primária. Conclusão: os enfermeiros eram especialistas, tinham conhecimento sobre Práticas Avançadas de Enfermagem, realizavam a consulta de enfermagem e utilizavam a Classificação Internacional de Atenção Primária como linguagem padronizada

Objective: identify the professional and training characteristics of primary care nurses and the operationalization of the nursing consultation as a contribution to Advanced Nursing Practices. Method: cross-sectional and descriptive study, including ten primary care nurses in southern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data were collected between February and March/2022 after approval by the Ethics and Research Committee under CAAE 53210021.6.0000.5099 and Opinion nº5.136.913. Results: 90% of the nurses were women, with 17.33 years of education, specialists (80%), 60% in Family Health; 70% worked only in primary care; 100% understood Advanced Nursing Practice and considered a high level of understanding (60%). 100% performed the nursing consultation, and 70% used the International Classification of Primary Care. Conclusion: the nurses were specialists, had knowledge about Advanced Nursing Practices, performed the nursing consultation, and used the International Classification of Primary Care as a standardized language

Objetivo: identificar las características profesionales y formativas de los enfermeros de atención primaria y la operacionalización de la consulta de enfermería como contribución a las Prácticas Avanzadas de Enfermería. Método: estudio transversal y descriptivo, incluyendo 10 enfermeros de atención primaria en el sur de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Los datos fueron recogidos entre febrero y marzo/2022, tras la aprobación del Comité de Ética e Investigación bajo el CAAE 53210021.6.0000.5099 y el Dictamen nº 5.136.913. Resultados: el 90% eran mujeres, con 17,33 años de formación, especialistas (80%), siendo el 60% en Salud de la Familia; el 70% trabajaba sólo en atención primaria; el 100% entendía sobre las Prácticas Avanzadas de Enfermería y consideraba un nivel alto de comprensión (60%). El 100% realizó la consulta de enfermería, el 70% utilizó la Clasificación Internacional de la Atención Primaria. Conclusión: los enfermeros eran especialistas, tenían conocimientos sobre las Prácticas Avanzadas de Enfermería, realizaban la consulta de enfermería y utilizaban el Clasificación Internacional de la Atención Primaria como lenguaje estandarizado

Percepções dos enfermeiros da APS: avaliação do ls durante a consulta de enfermagem aos doentes crônicos / Perceptions of PHC nurses: lh assessment during the nursing consultation with the chronically ill / Percepciones de las enfermeras de APS: evaluación de ls durante la consulta de enfermería con el enfermo crónico

Objetivo: explorar as percepções dos enfermeiros da Atenção Primária sobre a importância de avaliar o Letramento em Saúde, durante a consulta de enfermagem aos doentes crônicos. Método: abordagem qualitativa, descritivo, desenvolvido com dez enfermeiros das Estratégias de Saúde da Família de um município sul Mineiro. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da técnica de grupo focal, sob a análise de conteúdo Bardin. Resultados: através da análise do discurso dos participantes, pode-se observar as percepções e estratégias decorrentes do Letramento em Saúde na consulta de enfermagem aos doentes crônicos. Conclusão: os participantes demonstraram conhecimento sobre o Letramento em Saúde, conseguindo identificar fatores influenciadores, impacto gerado pelo nível de Letramento em Saúde, assim como os facilitadores e barreiras que afetam no desenvolvimento de atividades de enfermagem que visam melhorar o nível de Letramento em Saúde dos pacientes

Objectives: to explore the perceptions of Primary Care nurses about the importance of assessing Health Literacy during the nursing consultation with the chronically ill. Method: qualitative, descriptive approach, developed with ten nurses from the Family Health Strategies of a city in the south of Minas Gerais. Data collection occurred through the focus group technique, under Bardin content analysis. Results: through the analysis of the participants' discourse, the perceptions and strategies arising from Health Literacy in the nursing consultation with the chronically ill can be observed. Conclusion: the participants demonstrated knowledge about Health Literacy, being able to identify influencing factors, impact generated by the level of Health Literacy, as well as facilitators and barriers that affect the development of nursing activities aimed at improving the level of Health Literacy of patients

Objetivos: explorar las percepciones de enfermeros de Atención Primaria sobre la importancia de evaluar la Alfabetización en Salud durante la consulta de enfermería con enfermos crónicos. Método: abordaje cualitativo, descriptivo, desarrollado con diez enfermeros de las Estrategias de Salud de la Familia de un municipio del sur de Minas Gerais. La recolección de datos ocurrió a través de la técnica de grupo focal, bajo análisis de contenido Bardin. Resultados: a través del análisis del discurso de los participantes, se pueden observar las percepciones y estrategias decentes del Letramento en Salud en la consulta de enfermería a los pacientes crónicos. Conclusión: los participantes demostraron conocimientos sobre Letramento en Salud, siendo capaces de identificar factores influyentes, impacto generado por el nivel de Letramento en Salud, así como facilitadores y barreras que afectan al desarrollo de actividades de enfermería dirigidas a mejorar el nivel de Letramento en Salud de los pacientes

Perfil hematológico de idoso com dengue internado em unidade de terapia intensiva / Hematological profile of elderly people with dengue hospitalized in an intensive care unit / Perfil hematológico de ancianos con dengue hospitalizados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos

Introdução: A dengue é considerada a arbovirose mais comum no mundo, sendo hoje um problema crescente de saúde pública. Objetivo: Por ser considerada de alta prevalência, foi realizada a avaliação hematológica de um paciente hospitalizado na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva na cidade de Umuarama-PR. Metodologia: Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo retrospectivo, do qual foram analisados os resultados de hemogramas obtidos por um laboratório local, considerando que o paciente constava como sorologia positiva para NS1. Foram avaliados 09 laudos de hemograma emitidos durantes 5 dias de internamento do paciente. Os resultados foram comparados entre os laudos e com os valores de referência disponibilizados pelo próprio laudo. Resultados: Com base na análise dos hemogramas pode-se verificar a redução do hematócrito em 33,33%, macrocitose em 88,9%, leucopenia em 27,3%, trombocitopenia em 27,3%. Conclusão: Conclui-se que através dos laudos avaliados foram encontrados plaquetopenia, leucopenia, linfocitopenia, eosinopenia, neutropenia, monocitopenia. Evidenciando o hemograma como uma ferramenta laboratorial de grande auxílio na avaliação do paciente.

Introduction: Dengue is considered the most common arbovirus in the world, and is now a growing public health problem. Objective: Due to its high prevalence, a hematological evaluation of a patient hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit in the city of Umuarama-PR was carried out. Methodology: This was a retrospective descriptive study, in which the results of blood counts obtained by a local laboratory were analyzed, considering that the patient had positive serology for NS1. 09 blood count reports issued during the 5 days of the patient's hospitalization were evaluated. The results were compared between the reports and with the reference values provided by the report itself. Results: Based on the analysis of blood counts, it was possible to verify a reduction in hematocrit in 33.33%, macrocytosis in 88.9%, leukopenia in 27.3%, thrombocytopenia in 27.3%. Conclusion: It is concluded that through the evaluated reports, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, lymphocytopenia, eosinopenia, neutropenia, monocytopenia were found. Evidencing the blood count as a laboratory tool of great help in the evaluation of the patient.

Introducción: El dengue es considerado el arbovirus más común en el mundo, y actualmente es un problema creciente de salud pública. Objetivo: Debido a su alta prevalencia, se realizó una evaluación hematológica de un paciente hospitalizado en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de la ciudad de Umuarama-PR. Metodología: Se trató de un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, en el cual fueron analizados los resultados de los hemogramas obtenidos por un laboratorio local, considerando que el paciente tenía serología positiva para NS1. Fueron evaluados 09 informes de hemogramas emitidos durante los 5 días de internación del paciente. Los resultados se compararon entre los informes y con los valores de referencia proporcionados por el propio informe. Resultados: A partir del análisis de los hemogramas, fue posible verificar reducción del hematocrito en 33,33%, macrocitosis en 88,9%, leucopenia en 27,3%, trombocitopenia en 27,3%. Conclusiones: Se concluye que a través de los reportes evaluados se encontró trombocitopenia, leucopenia, linfocitopenia, eosinopenia, neutropenia, monocitopenia. Evidenciando el hemograma como una herramienta de laboratorio de gran ayuda en la evaluación del paciente.

Evidências científicas na consulta de enfermagem em cuidado avançado e o emprego das terminologias padronizadas / Scientific evidence in advanced care nursing consultation and the use of standardized terminologies / Evidencias científicas en consulta de enfermería de cuidado avanzado y el uso de terminologías estandarizadas

Objetivo: identificar, pelas evidências científicas na consulta do enfermeiro em cuidado avançado, o emprego das terminologias padronizadas nas etapas do processo de enfermagem em contextos de cuidado. Método: revisão integrativa realizada em seis etapas. Resultados: foram selecionados 14 artigos. As terminologias padronizadas mais utilizadas pelo enfermeiro durante as consultas de enfermagem foram a CIPE® (65%), seguida da NNN ­ NANDA-I, NOC e NIC (21%); NOC (7%); CIPE®, NNN e Omaha System (7%). 43% utilizam a linguagem padronizada nas etapas de diagnóstico, resultado e intervenção. A respeito do contexto de cuidado, o uso de terminologias padronizadas de enfermagem era empregado 36% em ambiente hospitalar, 14% em Home Care, 14% em Atenção Primária à Saúde, 7% em clínica privada e 29% não foram informados. Conclusão: a terminologia padronizada mais utilizada foi a CIPE® (65%), nas etapas de diagnóstico, resultado e intervenção (43%) no ambiente hospitalar (36%).

Objective: to identify, through scientific evidence in the consultation of nurses in advanced care, the use of standardized terminologies in the stages of the nursing process in care contexts. Methodology: integrative review carried out in six stages. Results: 14 articles were selected. The standardized terminologies most used by nurses during nursing consultations were ICNP® (65%), followed by NNN-NANDA-I, NOC and NIC (21%); NOC (7%); ICNP®, NNN and Omaha System (7%). 43% use standardized language in the stages of diagnosis, outcome and intervention. Regarding the care context, the use of standardized nursing terminologies was used by 36% in a hospital environment, 14% in Home Care, 14% in Primary Health Care, 7% in a private clinic and 29% were not informed. Conclusion: the most used standardized terminology was ICNP® (65%), in the stages of diagnosis, outcome and intervention (43%) in the hospital environment (36%).

Objetivo: identificar, por medio de las evidencias científicas en la consulta del enfermero en cuidado avanzado, el empleo de las terminologías estandarizadas en las etapas del proceso de enfermería en contextos de cuidado. Metodología: revisión integradora realizada en seis etapas. Resultados: se seleccionaron 14 artículos. Las terminologías estandarizadas más utilizadas por las enfermeras durante las consultas de enfermería fueron CIPE® (65%), seguida de NNN ­ NANDA-I, NOC y NIC (21%); NOC (7%); CIPE®, NNN y Omaha System (7%). El 43% utilizó el lenguaje estandarizado en las etapas de diagnóstico, resultado e intervención. En lo que respecta al contexto de la atención, el uso de las terminologías denominadas de enfermería se empleó en un 36% en el entorno hospitalario, en un 14% en la atención domiciliaria, en un 14% en la atención primaria a la salud, en un 7% en clínica privada y un 29% no fueron informados. Conclusión: la terminología estandarizada más utilizada fue la CIPE® (65%), en las etapas de diagnóstico, resultado e intervención (43%) en el ámbito hospitalario (36%).

Impacts of violence on the mental health of Afro-descendant survivors in Colombia.

The Colombian armed conflict has disproportionately affected minorities, especially afro-Colombian communities. However, there is a lack of evidence about mental health of victims. This study aims to describe the prevalence of mental illness and its associated factors in Afro-descendant violence survivors in Buenaventura and Quibdó, Colombia. A cross-sectional study was carried out using data from a previous trial which aimed to reduce mental health symptoms (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01856673). Data of 710 adults identified through a snowball sampling technique was analysed. Diagnoses of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and dysfunction were established using adapted versions of the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist and the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, plus variables identified in a qualitative study. Multivariate regressions were used to identify associated factors with these diagnoses. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and PTSD in both cities was 26.62% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 20.30;23.89), 36.53% (95%CI: 30.63;42.36), and 39.15% (95%CI: 33.36;44.83), respectively. Being married and having registered with the government as victim of the conflict were found to be protective factors for depression and PTSD, respectively. Psychological trauma, unemployment, and traumatic experiences, amongst others, were found as risk factors. The Colombian armed conflict, plus disparities and social exclusion, may be associated with mental health morbidity.

Responding to COVID-19: New Trends in Social Workers' Use of Information and Communication Technology.

COVID-19 changed the context for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) use globally. With face-to-face practice restricted, almost all communication with clients shifted to ICTs. Starting in April 2019, we conducted semi-structured interviews with social workers from four agencies serving diverse populations in a large urban centre, with the aim of exploring social workers' informal ICT use with clients. Approximately 6 weeks after the cessation of face-to-face practice in March 2020 due to COVID-19 measures, we re-interviewed social workers (n = 11) who had participated in our study. Second interviews were based on a newly developed interview guide that explored social workers' use of ICTs with clients in the context of COVID-19. Analysis of transcribed interviews revealed that the context of COVID-19 had generated two main themes. One, a paradigm shift for social workers was characterized by (a) diverse ICT options, (b) client-driven approach, and (c) necessary creativity. The second theme entails the impact of this transition which involved (a) greater awareness of clients' degree of access, (b) confidentiality and privacy, and (c) professional boundaries. We discuss these themes and sub-themes and present implications for practice and research in a Post-COVID-19 world.

Reliability of a Test for Assessment of Isometric Trunk Muscle Strength in Elderly Women.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the reproducibility of a protocol using the maximal isometric strength test of the trunk in elderly women aged above 60 years, without low back pain. METHODS: Twenty-one physically inactive elderly women, who had not engaged in any activity or exercise program in the past three months, participated in the cross-sectional study that consisted of two days of evaluations for the maximal isometric strength of the extensor and flexor muscles of the trunk, with a 48 h interval between the sessions. A platform with fixed seating was used, which allowed the fixation of the hip and lower limbs, with a load cell connected to a linear encoder. To verify the reliability of the test, the interclass correlation coefficient, variation coefficient, minimum detectable difference (MDD), standard error of measurement, and Bland-Altman graphs were calculated. RESULTS: No statistical difference was observed between the first and second evaluation, which indicates that there was no learning effect. Interclass correlation coefficient values were classified as very high and high for extensor (0.98) and flexor (0.86) muscles, respectively, besides low variation (9% for both muscle groups) and acceptable values for minimum detectable difference (extensors = 51.1 N, flexors = 48.9 N). In addition, the Bland-Altman analysis revealed low bias and values within the limits of agreement. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the test of maximum isometric strength of the trunk in healthy and trained elderly people presents high reliability. These values proved to be reliable if performed in at least two evaluation sessions, which confirms the hypothesis of the authors by the consistency of the measurement test.

Análise técnica de água de fontes rurais / Technical analysis of water from rural sources

RESUMO O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a água bruta de fontes quanto à cor, ao pH, ao nível de amônia e à presença de coliformes totais e fecais, a qual é usada para fins de abastecimento domiciliar e na agroindústria alimentar regional do Planalto Catarinense - Santa Catarina, acordando com a Portaria no 2.914/2011 do Ministério da Saúde. As discussões permitiram concluir que a cor da água se apresentou abaixo do padrão máximo permitido; constatou-se baixa concentração de amônia; o pH apresentou variável entre 5,5 e 7,5 e algumas amostras apresentaram contaminação por coliformes fecais. Desta forma, o presente trabalho demonstrou a necessidade de notificação e orientação aos proprietários rurais para a desinfecção da água para evitar a presença de quaisquer agentes patogênicos.

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to evaluate the raw water sources as for the color, pH, ammonia level and presence of total and faecal coliforms. This water is used for household supply and at regional food agroindustry in Planalto Catarinense - Santa Catarina, Brazil, which was evaluated according to the standards of Brazilian National Council Legislation (Resolution no 2,914/2011 from the Ministry of Health). It is concluded that there was no change in water color, presenting a below the maximum allowable standard. There is a low concentration of ammonia in the water, the pH presented a variable between 5.5 to 7.5 and some samples showed contamination by faecal coliforms. In this way, this research demonstrated that the notification and orientation to landowners was required for disinfection of the water in order to eliminate any pathogenic agents.

Parto normal e intervenções ocorridas em uma maternidade pública / Parto normal e intervenciones en una maternidad pública / Normal childbirth and interventions in a public maternity

Objetivo analisar a relação entre as intervenções realizadas durante o trabalho de parto e a duração da fase ativa em parturientes internadas. Método estudo documental, tipo levantamento de dados, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em uma maternidade no Pará, Brasil. A análise dos dados ocorreu por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados identificadas as intervenções: amniotomia (6,1%), ocitocina (64,2%) e episiotomia (16,7%). A relação das intervenções com a duração da fase ativa do trabalho de parto ocorreu com maior frequência em mulheres com menos de 5 horas na fase ativa. Conclusão as intervenções realizadas em partos de risco habitual e no período de fase ativa menor que 5 horas não encontraram sustentação teórica e remeteram ao modelo biomédico.

Objetivo analizar la relación entre las intervenciones realizadas durante el trabajo de parto y la duración de la fase activa en parturientas internadas. Método estudio documental, del tipo recolección de datos y con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado en una maternidad de Pará, Brasil. Los datos se analizaron por medio de estadística descriptiva. Resultados se identificaron las siguientes intervenciones: amniotomía (6,1%), oxitocina (64,2%) y episiotomía (16,7%). La relación entre las intervenciones y la duración de la fase activa del trabajo de parto se hizo presente con mayor frecuencia en mujeres con menos de 5 horas en la fase activa. Conclusión las intervenciones realizadas en partos de riesgo habitual y durante períodos de la fase activa de menos de 5 horas no encontraron sustento teórico alguno y se remitieron al modelo biomédico.

Objective to analyze the relation between the interventions performed during labor and the duration of the active phase in hospitalized parturients. Method a documentary study, of the data collection type, with a quantitative approach, performed in a maternity hospital in Pará, Brazil. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. Results the following interventions were identified: amniotomy (6.1%), oxytocin (64.2%) and episiotomy (16.7%). The relation between the interventions and the duration of the active phase of labor occurred most often in women with less than 5 hours in the active phase. Conclusion the interventions performed in habitual risk deliveries and in the active phase period with less than 5 hours did not find any theoretical support and referred to the biomedical model.

Percepções sobre o autismo sob a ótica das mães / Perception about autism under the optics of mothers

Introdução: O transtorno do espectro autista é classificado como um distúrbio agressivo do desenvolvimento. Este compromete todo o desenvolvimento neurológico, e se caracteriza pelo desequilíbrio comportamental exposto pela inaptidão na inclusão social. Objetivo: Analisar as percepções e experiências emocionais de mães com filhos diagnosticados com transtornos do espectro autista. Metodologia: Estudo de caráter qualitativo, que teve como público alvo mães de filhos com diagnóstico de transtorno do espectro autista, participantes das APAEs. Foi realizada uma entrevista semi-estruturada gravada por gravador digital, e posteriormente transcrita. Resultados: Notoriamente as mães possuem dificuldades para compreender e se adaptar a realidade do filho diagnosticado de autismo. Criam expectativas e perspectivas quanto ao futuro dos filhos almejando que estes desenvolvam prioritariamente a independência. Considerações Finais: Obtivemos a possibilidade de compreender melhor as expectativas e as dificuldades das mães das crianças com diagnóstico de TEA. Foi encontrado idade média para o diagnóstico de espectro autista do filho entre 3 anos e 4 meses. A descoberta do diagnóstico do TEA causou importantes sentimentos prejudiciais e de não aceitação à essas mães. Surgem sentimentos negativos, afetando assim a saúde mental dessas mães e familiares

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder is classified as an aggressive developmental disorder. This compromises the entire neurological development and is characterized by the behavioral imbalance exposed by the inaptitude in social inclusion. Objective: To analyze the perceptions and emotional experiences of mothers with children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders. Methodology: This was a qualitative study that had the target audience of mothers of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, who participated in APAEs. A semi-structured interview was recorded by digital recorder, and later transcribed. Results: Notoriously, mothers have difficulties in understanding and adapting the reality of a child diagnosed with autism. They create expectations and perspectives on the future of children, aiming for them to develop independence first. Final Considerations: We obtained the possibility to better understand the expectations and difficulties of the mothers of children diagnosed with ASD. We found a mean age for the diagnosis of autistic spectrum of the child between 3 years and 4 months. The discovery of the diagnosis of ASD has caused important feelings of detriment and non -acceptance to these mothers. Negative feelings arise, thus affecting the mental health of these mothers and their families

Concentração de Monóxido de Carbono Exalado e Carboxihemoglobina por Jovens Universitários Fumantes de Cigarro e Narguilé / Concentration of Exhaled Carbon Monoxide and Carboxyhemoglobin by Young University Smokers of Cigar and Narghile

A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) estima que pelo menos um terço da população mundial adulta utilize o tabaco. Análises comprovam que a fumaça do narguilé contém quantidades superiores de nicotina, monóxido de carbono, tabaco, metais pesados e substâncias cancerígenas comparada à fumaça do cigarro. O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar os valores de monóxido de carbono exalados e carboxihemoglobina entre jovens fumantes de cigarro e fumantes de narguilé. Estudo transversal realizado em um Centro Universitário de Várzea Grande-MT, em novembro de 2017. A amostra por conveniência conteve 50 fumantes de cigarro e 50 fumantes de narguilé com faixa etária entre 18 a 35 anos. Os níveis de monóxido de carbono exalados e carboxihemoglobina foram avaliados pelo equipamento Micro CO (Micro Medical SA). Jovens universitários fumantes de cigarro apresentaram maiores concentrações de monóxido de carbono exalado (COex) e caboxihemoglobina (COHb), mediana 8,0 (±10,6 %), IC95% (8,3-14,2) quando comparado a fumantes de narguilé (p<0,0001). Fumantes de cigarro apresentaram maiores valores de COex e Carboxihemoglobina, podendo este achado ser devido ao fato de estarem expostos ao hábito mais rotineiramente pela facilidade de transporte do cigarro em maço, aumentando o contato com o tabagismo e maior exposição ao monóxido de carbono (CO). Apesar de maiores níveis de CO terem sido encontrados em fumantes de cigarro, o hábito de fumar promove uma exposição contínua a este gás, além de outras substâncias tóxicas provenientes da queima do tabaco e demais componentes, causando danos à saúde do usuário, independentemente, do método usado para inalar o tabaco. (AU).

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that at least one third of the world's adult population uses tobacco. Analyzes show that narghile smoke contains higher amounts of nicotine, carbon monoxide, tobacco, heavy metals and carcinogens compared to cigarette smoke. To verify the values of exhaled carbon monoxide and carboxyhemoglobin among young smokers of cigarettes and smokers of narghile. Crosssectional study at a University Center of Várzea Grande, MT, in November 2017. The sample for convenience contained 50 cigarette smokers and 50 smokers of narghileages ranging from 18 to 35 years. The levels of exhaled carbon monoxide and carboxyhemoglobin were evaluated by the Micro CO equipment (Micro Medical SA). Young college students who smoked cigarettes had higher concentrations of exhaled carbon monoxide (COex) and capexhemoglobin (COHb), median 8.0 (± 10.6%), 95% CI (8.3-14.2) when compared to smokers of narghile (p <0.0001). Cigarette smokers presented higher values of COex and Carboxyhemoglobin, which may be because they are exposed to the habit more routinely because of the ease of cigarette carrying in the pack, increasing contact with smoking and increased exposure to carbon monoxide (CO). Although higher levels of CO are found in cigarette smokers, smoking promotes continued exposure to this gas in addition to other toxic substances from tobacco burning and other components, causing harm to the user's health, regardless of the method used to inhale tobacco. (AU).

P2Y12 but not P2Y13 Purinergic Receptor Controls Postnatal Rat Retinogenesis In Vivo.

Adenine nucleotides through P2Y1 receptor stimulation are known to control retinal progenitor cell (RPC) proliferation by modulating expression of the p57KIP2, a cell cycle regulator. However, the role of Gi protein-coupled P2Y12 and P2Y13 receptors also activated by adenine nucleotides in RPC proliferation is still unknown. Gene expression of the purinergic P2Y12 subtype was detected in rat retina during early postnatal days (P0 to P5), while expression levels of P2Y13 were low. Immunohistochemistry assays performed with rat retina on P3 revealed P2Y12 receptor expression in both Ki-67-positive cells in the neuroblastic layer and Ki-67-negative cells in the ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer. Nonetheless, P2Y13 receptor expression could not be detected in any stratum of rat retina. Intravitreal injection of PSB 0739 or clopidogrel, both selective P2Y12 receptor antagonists, increased by 20 and 15%, respectively, the number of Ki-67-positive cells following 24 h of exposure. Moreover, the P2Y12 receptor inhibition increased cyclin D1 and decreased p57KIP2 expression. However, there were no changes in the S phase of the cell cycle (BrdU-positive cells) or in mitosis (phospho-histone-H3-positive cells). Interestingly, an increase in the number of cyclin D1/TUNEL-positive cells after treatment with PSB 0739 was observed. These data suggest that activation of P2Y12 receptors is required for the successful exit of RPCs from cell cycle in the postnatal rat retina.

Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) Leaf Extract Attenuates Hyperglycemia and Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Diabetic Rats.

The effects of hydroethanolic extract of Yacon leaves (HEYL) on antioxidant, glycemic, and inflammatory biomarkers were tested in diabetic rats. Outcome parameters included glucose, insulin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity (HAC) in serum and IL-6, HAC, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in soleus. The rats (10/group) were divided as follows: C, controls; C + Y, HEYL treated; DM, diabetic controls; and DM + Y, diabetic rats treated with HEYL. Diabetes mellitus was induced by administration of streptozotocin. C + Y and DM + Y groups received 100 mg/kg HEYL daily via gavage for 30 d. Hyperglycemia was improved in the DM + Y versus DM group. Insulin was reduced in DM versus C group. DM rats had higher IL-6 and MDA and lower HAC in the soleus muscle. HEYL treatment decreased IL-6 and MDA and increased HAC in DM rats. DM + Y rats had the highest CAT activity versus the other groups; GPx was higher in C + Y and DM + Y versus their respective controls. The apparent benefit of HEYL may be mediated via improving glucoregulation and ameliorating oxidative stress and inflammation, particularly in diabetic rats.

Trauma e narrativa: o impacto da leucemia na infância / Trauma and narrative: the impact of leukemia in childhood

O presente artigo apresenta uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo investigar o impacto da leucemia infantil na subjetividade das crianças. O trabalho foi norteado pelo conceito psicanalítico de trauma principalmente em Sigmund Freud, Donald Winnicott e Sándor Ferenczi. Para escutar sobre as experiências das crianças internadas em tratamento para leucemia, foram realizadas entrevistas semiabertas no Hemorio (Instituto Estadual de Hematologia Arthur de Siqueira Cavalcanti). Uma análise qualitativa das narrativas evidencia os aspectos próprios do trauma, como o excesso, o desamparo, as invasões, o desmentido e a ameaça de morte. Assim, diante do impacto, resta a necessidade de elaboração: através do narrar, e do brincar.(AU)

This paper presents a research on the impact of infant leukemia on children's subjectivity. The work was guided by the psychoanalytic concept of trauma, as defined by Sigmund Freud, Donald Winnicott and Sándor Ferenczi. To listen to the experiences of children in treatment for leukemia, semi-open interviews were conducted at Hemorio (State Institute of Hematology Arthur de Siqueira Cavalcanti). A qualitative analysis of those narratives highlights the specific aspects of trauma, such as: the excess, the helplessness, the invasions, the denial and the threat of death. Thus, out of the impact, comes the need to elaborate: through narrating and playing.(AU)

Adenine Nucleotides Control Proliferation In Vivo of Rat Retinal Progenitors by P2Y1 Receptor.

Previous studies demonstrated that exogenous ATP is able to regulate proliferation of retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) in vitro possibly via P2Y1 receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor. Here, we evaluated the function of adenine nucleotides in vivo during retinal development of newborn rats. Intravitreal injection of apyrase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes nucleotides, reduced cell proliferation in retinas at postnatal day 2 (P2). This decrease was reversed when retinas were treated together with ATPγ-S or ADPß-S, two hydrolysis-resistant analogs of ATP and ADP, respectively. During early postnatal days (P0 to P5), an increase in ectonucleotidase (E-NTPDase) activity was observed in the retina, suggesting a decrease in the availability of adenine nucleotides, coinciding with the end of proliferation. Interestingly, intravitreal injection of the E-NTPDase inhibitor ARL67156 increased proliferation by around 60 % at P5 rats. Furthermore, immunolabeling against P2Y1 receptor was observed overall in retina layers from P2 rats, including proliferating Ki-67-positive cells in the neuroblastic layer (NBL), suggesting that this receptor could be responsible for the action of adenine nucleotides upon proliferation of RPCs. Accordingly, intravitreal injection of MRS2179, a selective antagonist of P2Y1 receptors, reduced cell proliferation by approximately 20 % in P2 rats. Moreover, treatment with MRS 2179 caused an increase in p57KIP2 and cyclin D1 expression, a reduction in cyclin E and Rb phosphorylated expression and in BrdU-positive cell number. These data suggest that the adenine nucleotides modulate the proliferation of rat RPCs via activation of P2Y1 receptors regulating transition from G1 to S phase of the cell cycle.